Dog coughs and gags: causes, symptoms and solutions

Coughing and retching in dogs can have a variety of causes, ranging from mild infections such as kennel cough to serious conditions such as pneumonia or heart problems. It's essential to monitor the symptoms closely and consult a veterinarian in good time. Preventive measures such as vaccination and a complete diet, like the recipes from Imby Petfood, can help support your dog's immune system and lower the risk of respiratory problems.

What are the possible causes of a dog coughing and retching?

There are various causes of coughing and retching in dogs. The most common are:

Kennel cough

Kennel cough is a highly contagious respiratory condition, commonly found in environments where dogs gather, such as boarding kennels and dog training schools [1].

Symptoms:

• A dry, harsh cough.
• Gagging, sometimes accompanied by phlegm.
• Lethargy and watery eyes.

Respiratory conditions

Conditions such as pneumonia or chronic bronchitis can cause a persistent cough and breathing difficulties. In severe or untreated cases, kennel cough itself can progress to bronchopneumonia, particularly in puppies or dogs with a weaker immune system [1].

Other symptoms:

• A soft, wet cough (in the case of pneumonia).
• Loss of appetite and fever.

Heart problems

Dogs with heart failure may develop fluid in the lungs, which triggers coughing and retching.

Foreign object in the throat

For example, a piece of bone or a toy. This causes violent retching, difficulty swallowing and sometimes panic.

Other causes

• Parasites such as lungworms, which can cause a persistent cough, gagging and reduced exercise tolerance [3].
• Allergies that irritate the airways.
• Tumours, especially in older dogs.

How can I tell if my dog has laryngitis or pneumonia?

Distinguishing between laryngitis and pneumonia is important for the correct treatment.

Laryngitis

• A dry, loud cough.
• Soreness in the throat when touched.
• The dog often remains active and has a normal appetite.

Pneumonia

• Wet cough with phlegm.
• Difficulty breathing, even at rest.
• Fever, lethargy and reduced appetite.

If your dog has a persistent cough or shows other worrying symptoms, a visit to the veterinarian is essential.

What are the signs of a serious respiratory problem in dogs?

Symptoms of serious respiratory problems require immediate attention. Look out for:

• Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing.
• Blue or pale mucous membranes.
• Fainting or extreme weakness.
• Persistent high fever.
• Loss of appetite and severe lethargy.

Consult a veterinarian immediately if these symptoms occur.

How can I prevent my dog from getting kennel cough?

Kennel cough can largely be prevented with the right precautions:

Vaccination

Have your dog vaccinated against kennel cough annually. Available options:

• Injection.
• Nasal drops (intranasal), often preferred because protection starts working faster [2].

Avoid high-risk situations

• Avoid contact with unfamiliar dogs.
• Be careful in busy kennels or during group walks.

Support the immune system

• Provide a healthy diet.
• Ensure plenty of rest and a clean environment.

What to do if your dog is coughing and retching?

If your dog is coughing and retching, follow these steps:

1. Observe: Note the frequency and severity of the symptoms.
2. Rest: Let your dog rest in a quiet environment.
3. Use a harness instead of a collar. Pulling against a collar raises pressure in the veins of the head and neck, so a harness is the gentler choice while your dog's throat is irritated [4].
4. Consult a veterinarian if the symptoms persist or worsen.

A veterinarian can carry out diagnostic tests and prescribe treatment, such as antibiotics, cough suppressants or anti-inflammatories.

How can I tell the difference between a cough and a retching fit in my dog?

Although coughing and retching sometimes overlap, there are clear differences:

Coughing

• The sound is similar to a human cough.
• Often dry and spasmodic.
• May be accompanied by phlegm.

Gagging

• Resembles an attempt to clear something from the throat.
• Is often accompanied by throat noises.
• Is usually short-lived and occasional.

Tips:

• Note the frequency and duration of the symptoms.
• Record a video of the behaviour for the vet's diagnosis.

What are Imby Petfood's solutions for dogs with respiratory problems?

Nutrition isn't a direct treatment for coughing or retching, but a balanced diet can support your dog's immune system and overall health while they recover.