Symptoms of old age in dogs

Just as with humans, signs of ageing can be identified in dogs. Externally, it is fairly easy to recognise these symptoms. Internally, it is often less obvious to determine when symptoms specifically indicate old age. That is why we have listed both the external and internal signs of ageing in dogs below. This will give you a clear picture of the symptoms and also of the best approach for owners.

At what age is a dog considered old?

Your four-legged friend's maximum lifespan depends heavily on the breed and type of dog: the general benchmark for an old dog is 10 years or more. This varies depending on your dog's breed: for some dogs, 6 years old is considered old. It is often the case that larger breeds are already fully grown by the age of 6 or 7, whilst smaller dogs are only fully grown by the age of 10. Depending on various factors, this can vary by a number of years. The factors that influence this are the breed, size, health, lifestyle and the environment in which the dog is raised.

How can you tell when a dog is getting old?

Various signs in behaviour, appearance and general health provide insight into your four-legged friend's ageing process. Normal signs of ageing in dogs include grey hairs, low energy levels, fluctuations in weight, dental hygiene problems, reduced immunity to disease, and gradual loss of sight and hearing.

What are the signs of ageing in dogs?

Signs of ageing in dogs are a natural part of life that show the extent to which your four-legged friend is getting older. This is accompanied by a wide range of symptoms. Signs of ageing in dogs manifest in two ways: internally and externally. When it comes to internal symptoms, these mainly concern your dog's functioning, whilst external symptoms refer to the dog's appearance. In terms of appearance, there are a number of striking characteristics:

• Grey hair and a duller coat: just like humans, dogs get grey hair as they get older; this is most noticeable around the face, muzzle and other parts of the body
• Hair loss: some dogs lose their hair as a result of hormonal changes or underlying health issues
• Changes in facial expressions: as dogs age, it is normal for their faces to change; the skin around the eyes and muzzle often becomes looser, causing wrinkles in these areas

In terms of physical function, your dog will also experience a number of symptoms as they age. Inherently, your dog may experience difficulties with mobility, weight management, dental and oral hygiene, and vision. Arthritis (inflammation of the joints) is common in older dogs, causing the joints to become painfully swollen and stiff. A 2024 study found that between 36% and 57% of dogs over eight years of age showed radiographic signs of osteoarthritis in at least one joint, depending on the joint examined.^[1] Generally speaking, these symptoms depend greatly on your dog's breed and susceptibility to illness. Through regular check-ups with a veterinary professional, you can effectively monitor and manage your dog's ageing process.

When should a dog start eating senior nutrition?

The switch to senior dog food usually takes place at the age of 7 or 8. When making this change, it is important to consider more than just your dog's age. Experts advise that, in addition to age, you should also consider your dog's breed, size, general health and specific nutritional requirements. The current trend is that larger dogs often switch to senior dog food sooner, whilst smaller dogs can often continue on adult dog food for longer. For example, a Bernese Mountain Dog may be on senior nutrition as early as 6 years of age, whilst a Jack Russell may still be eating regular dog food at 10 years of age. Contrary to older assumptions, senior dogs typically need more high-quality protein rather than less, as ageing reduces the efficiency with which the body processes dietary protein.^[2] To be sure when making the switch, we always recommend consulting your veterinarian before changing your dog's food.

Is Imby insect-based dog food suitable for senior dogs?

Imby's insect-based dog food is perfectly suited to older 'senior' dogs. Older dogs require different dietary fibres compared to young dogs. To manage the signs of ageing in dogs as effectively as possible, Imby's senior dog food is low in calories and high in nutrients that support cognitive function and overall health. In addition, our senior nutrition also contains higher levels of chondroitin and glucosamine to support the joints. This makes Imby dog food an excellent choice for an ageing dog. Switching to plant-based dog food can also be beneficial for older dogs, as it often has a lower calorie content and is easily digestible. However, if your dog suffers from problems with its joints, our insect-based senior nutrition is the most suitable option, in combination with a dietary supplement to aid the recovery process.

What are the signs of impending death in dogs?

The death of your four-legged friend is something you'd rather not think about as much as possible. This is perfectly understandable, as nobody wants to be separated from their faithful companion. When the time finally comes, or if you think it has come, the following symptoms can give you a better idea of your dog's health. Prolonged apathy, a prolonged loss of appetite, incontinence, laboured breathing, vomiting, dependent behaviour, and loss of coordination may indicate that your dog is nearing the end of its life. If your dog is showing any of these symptoms, this does not necessarily mean they are dying, but we do recommend consulting your veterinarian to gain a clearer understanding of your dog's condition.

Which conditions most commonly cause death in dogs?

In dogs, there are a number of conditions that, on average, are more likely to result in death. High-risk diseases in dogs include cancer, organ failure, heart and kidney diseases, and neurological disorders. These diseases are more common in certain dog breeds, such as Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, Doberman Pinschers and Boxers, which makes them more susceptible to heart conditions. Regular professional care, vaccinations and preventive measures help to reduce the risk of such conditions.

What can I do to combat age-related ailments in dogs?

Although it is not possible to prevent the signs of ageing in dogs, as an owner you can try to counteract age-related ailments in dogs. You can alleviate symptoms such as mobility and flexibility problems in your dog by adding supplements to their diet. Today, there is an extensive range of supplements on the market, which means it is not always easy to make a choice. For a condition such as arthritis, which affects a significant proportion of dogs as they age,^[1] hip and joint supplements are a popular supportive option. These supplements promote the health of your dog's bones whilst supporting greater mobility and flexibility. However, the benefits your dog may experience vary depending on the breed. The quality of each supplement can also vary significantly, so it is always advisable to compare the active ingredients on a like-for-like basis. Finally, it is important to determine the correct dose with your veterinarian to ensure your four-legged friend receives the right amount of nutrients.