How do I get my sick dog to eat again?

Restoring a sick dog’s appetite requires patience and care. With the right approach, such as offering easily digestible nutrition and creating a calm environment, you can help your dog regain its appetite. If symptoms persist for more than 48 hours, a visit to the veterinarian is necessary to identify any underlying causes. Your prompt action and care can make a big difference to your dog’s well-being.

Why does a dog lose its appetite?

A dog can lose its appetite for various reasons, ranging from medical issues to emotional factors. Below, we discuss the most common causes and how they affect your dog’s eating behaviour.

1. Illness and infection

Loss of appetite is often one of the first signs that a dog is unwell [1]. Common medical causes include:

• Gastrointestinal problems: Such as inflammation, stomach ulcers or parasites.
• Liver or kidney disorders: These can cause nausea, which suppresses the appetite.
• Cancer: Depending on the type and location, this can lead to severe fatigue and a lack of appetite.
• Dental problems: Pain in the mouth, such as gum inflammation or a broken tooth, makes eating uncomfortable.
• Systemic infections: Infections affecting the whole body can cause lethargy and a loss of appetite.

2. Recovering from surgery

After surgery, it is normal for dogs to eat less temporarily. Reasons for this include:

• Nausea caused by anaesthesia.
• Pain and discomfort resulting from the procedure.
• Side effects of medication, such as antibiotics or painkillers.

3. Grieving a death

Dogs are social animals and can react emotionally to the loss of a housemate, whether human or animal. Symptoms of grief include:

• Withdrawal and a lack of energy.
• Less interest in activities, including eating.
• Sleeping more than usual.

4. Ageing

Older dogs often lose their appetite due to:

• Reduced sense of smell and taste, making food less appealing.
• Lower energy requirements due to reduced activity.
• Chronic health problems, such as arthritis or organ disorders.

5. Stress and changes

Dogs can be sensitive to changes in their environment or routine, which can cause stress and loss of appetite. Examples include:

• Moving to a new environment with unfamiliar smells and sounds.
• A new family member: such as a baby, pet or new partner.
• Staying at a kennel, which requires adjustment and can be stressful.

When should you contact your veterinarian?

Loss of appetite in a dog can be a temporary problem, but it may also indicate an underlying medical issue. It is important to know when it is time to seek professional advice.

1. Vomiting

Consult your veterinarian if:

• The vomiting persists for more than 24 hours.
• There is blood in the vomit.
• Your dog is vomiting repeatedly.
• The vomiting is accompanied by other symptoms such as lethargy or diarrhoea.

2. Lethargy

Contact a veterinarian if:

• Your dog is suddenly much more sluggish or listless than usual.
• The lethargy lasts for more than a day.
• The lethargy is accompanied by a reduced appetite or other symptoms.

3. Weight loss

You should consult a veterinarian if:

• Your dog loses a significant amount of weight in a short period of time.
• The weight loss is accompanied by excessive eating or drinking, which may indicate metabolic disorders such as diabetes.

4. Diarrhoea

Contact your veterinarian if:

• Diarrhoea lasting longer than 24–48 hours.
• Blood in the stool.
• Diarrhoea combined with vomiting, lethargy or a lack of appetite.

5. Gagging

This may be a sign of a serious problem, such as a twisted stomach or a foreign object in the throat. Call the veterinarian immediately if:

• Your dog is persistently retching without success.
• The retching is accompanied by a swollen abdomen or signs of pain.

6. Whining or crying

Consult a veterinarian if:

• Your dog is whining or whimpering persistently, which may indicate pain or discomfort.
• The whimpering is accompanied by breathing difficulties.

7. Coughing

Contact your veterinarian if:

• Your dog continues to cough for more than a few days.
• The cough is accompanied by shortness of breath, difficulty breathing or lethargy.

What methods are there for feeding a sick dog?

A sick dog may lose its appetite, but with the right techniques you can help it start eating again. Here are some effective methods to stimulate your dog’s appetite and help it eat comfortably.

1. Wait until your dog eats on its own

• It is normal for a dog to skip a meal now and then.
• If your dog is otherwise behaving normally and continues to drink, you can wait 24–48 hours before taking action.
• Do ensure that fresh drinking water is always available.

2. Warm the food slightly

• Gently warming the food enhances the smell, which can stimulate the appetite.
• Use a microwave or warm water to bring the food to body temperature.

3. Add stock to the food

• Mix unsalted stock with dry food or wet food to make it more palatable.
• Broth is easily digestible and adds extra moisture, which supports hydration.

4. Try hand-feeding

• Some dogs eat better when fed directly from the hand.
• This provides a sense of comfort and can reduce anxiety in a sick dog.

5. Stimulate the appetite through activity

• A short walk before a meal can stimulate the appetite.
• Use interactive feeding toys to make mealtimes more interesting.

6. Create a calm eating environment

• Make sure your dog can eat in a stress-free environment.
• Avoid crowds, noise and other pets during mealtimes.

7. Offer easily digestible nutrition

• Suitable options include cooked chicken with rice or special dietary food recommended by the veterinarian.
• Divide the food into small portions throughout the day to make it easier to digest.

8. Consult a veterinarian if the problem persists

• If your dog hasn’t eaten for more than 24–48 hours, a visit to the veterinarian is necessary.
• The veterinarian can rule out or treat any underlying medical causes.

Tips for success

• Fixed mealtimes: Stick to a regular schedule.
• Don’t put pressure on your dog: Don’t force your dog to eat; this can cause stress.
• Be patient: Recovery can take time, so be patient and supportive.

With these methods, you can help your sick dog regain its appetite safely and effectively. If problems persist or other worrying symptoms arise, always consult a veterinarian.

What nutrition should I provide my sick dog?

For a sick dog, it is important to offer nutrition that is easily digestible and nutritious. This supports recovery and prevents further strain on the stomach and intestines. Below you will find suitable nutrition options for a sick dog.

1. Wet food

Wet food is a good choice for sick dogs due to the following benefits:

• Easy to digest: Less of a strain on the stomach and intestines.
• Higher moisture content: Helps keep the dog hydrated.
• High palatability: Often more appealing to dogs that have lost their appetite.

2. Bone broth

Homemade bone broth is a nutritious and tasty option:

• Rich in minerals and amino acids: Supports the immune system and promotes healing.
• Easy to digest: Ideal for dogs with digestive problems.
• Ease of use: Perfect for mixing in medication or supplements.

3. Chicken with rice

A simple and classic meal that is easily digestible:

• Chicken: A lean protein that aids muscle recovery.
• Rice: A gentle source of carbohydrates that provides energy.
• You could add a small amount of steamed vegetables such as carrots or courgette for extra nutrients.

4. Pumpkin

Pumpkin is an excellent addition to a sick dog’s diet:

• High in fibre: Supports healthy digestion.
• High in vitamins and minerals: Promotes overall health and recovery.
• Versatile: Can help with both diarrhoea and constipation.

What are the healthiest foods for my dog?

A healthy diet is essential for keeping your dog fit and happy. It provides the right balance of protein, fibre, vitamins and minerals. Here is an overview of the healthiest foods that contribute to your dog’s health.

1. Protein

Proteins are the building blocks of the body and are crucial for your dog’s muscle development and energy levels. Suitable sources of protein include:

• Lean meat: Chicken, turkey and beef are nutritious and easily digestible.
• Fish: Salmon and mackerel contain omega-3 fatty acids that contribute to healthy skin and a shiny coat.

2. Vegetables

Vegetables are rich in fibre, vitamins and antioxidants. Safe and healthy options include:

• Broccoli: Contains vitamin C and fibre, but feed in moderation to prevent flatulence.
• Carrots: An excellent source of beta-carotene and a crunchy treat.
• Green beans: Low in calories and rich in fibre.
• Pumpkin: Aids healthy digestion and can relieve constipation or diarrhoea.
• Spinach: Rich in iron and vitamin K.
• Sweet potato: Contains complex carbohydrates and antioxidants.

For easier digestion, you can lightly cook or mash the vegetables before giving them to your dog.

3. Fruit

Fruit can be a tasty and nutritious treat, but should be given in moderation due to its sugar content. Safe fruits include:

• Apple: Rich in vitamin C and fibre; remove the core and seeds.
• Banana: A good source of potassium and natural sugars.
• Blueberries: Contain antioxidants that support the immune system.
• Watermelon: Hydrating and low in calories; remove the seeds.
• Strawberries: Rich in vitamin C and fibre.

4. Additional nutrients

• Omega-3 fatty acids: Help reduce inflammation and promote healthy skin and coat [3].
• Probiotics: Support healthy gut flora and improve digestion [4].
• Glucosamine: Supports healthy joints, especially in older dogs or dogs with arthritis [5].

Tips for a balanced diet

• Variety: Ensure a varied diet that contains all essential nutrients.
• Portion control: Take your dog’s size, age and activity level into account.
• Personal advice: Consult a veterinarian or nutritionist for a tailored diet.

A balanced diet full of nutritious ingredients helps your dog stay healthy, energetic and happy. By paying attention to the quality and variety of its nutrition, you are investing in your pet’s long-term health.

Why is water so important for a sick dog that won’t eat?

With a sick dog that won’t eat, it can be tempting to focus solely on food intake. However, water intake is often even more important. Hydration plays a crucial role in recovery and in preventing serious health problems such as dehydration.

Dogs can go longer without food than without water

• A dog can survive for up to five to seven days without food, depending on its overall health and circumstances.
• Without water, the tolerance is much lower; a dog can only survive for three days without water.
• However, forcing them to drink is not advisable, as this can lead to aspiration pneumonia, where water enters the lungs.

If your dog has not eaten or drunk for 48 hours or more, it is essential to seek veterinary assistance.

How can you encourage a sick dog to drink?

If your dog shows no interest in drinking, try the following techniques:

1. Offer ice cubes: Dogs enjoy licking ice cubes, which is an easy way to get them to drink water.
2. Water on your fingers: Offer drops of water using your fingers to spark their interest.
3. Pedialyte: Use an electrolyte solution such as Pedialyte (in consultation with your veterinarian) to prevent dehydration.
4. Ice in the water bowl: Add ice cubes to the water to make it more appealing.

Signs of dehydration

It is important to be alert to signs of dehydration in your dog:

• Loss of appetite.
• Panting for no apparent reason.
• Lethargy and lack of energy.
• Loss of skin elasticity: Gently pinch the skin; if it does not spring back quickly, dehydration may be the cause [2].
• Dry nose and gums: Sticky gums and a dry nose indicate a lack of fluids.
• Dry-looking eyes: A sunken or dull appearance to the eyes.

Consult a veterinarian immediately if your dog shows signs of dehydration. The veterinarian can administer subcutaneous fluids to restore hydration.

Why is water essential for recovery?

• Water aids digestion and helps flush out toxins.
• It prevents complications such as kidney failure caused by dehydration.
• It is necessary for a healthy metabolism and the transport of nutrients throughout the body.